How Cold Can Orchids Tolerate? A Fascinating Guide
How Cold Can Orchids Tolerate?
Orchids have varying tolerances for cold temperatures.
The most sensitive orchids, such as Phalaenopsis and Vandas, prefer to be kept above 60F (15C), but can tolerate a few exposures to temperatures below 60F (15C).
Oncidiums can tolerate temperatures into the 40s, while most cattleyas can tolerate cool temperatures down to the upper 40s.
Certain orchid genera, like deciduous Calanthe and Cymbidium species, require quite cold temperatures to stimulate their best bloom.
Hybrid cymbidiums, which are “warm growing” and temperature tolerant, can be chilled into the low 30s.
It is important to provide proper nutrition for all orchids to help them tolerate cold temperatures.
Key Points:
- Orchids have varying tolerances for cold temperatures
- Phalaenopsis and Vandas prefer to be kept above 60F but can tolerate some exposure to temperatures below 60F
- Oncidiums can tolerate temperatures in the 40s
- Most cattleyas can tolerate cool temperatures down to the upper 40s
- Certain orchid genera like Calanthe and Cymbidium require cold temperatures for best bloom
- Hybrid cymbidiums can be chilled into the low 30s
Did You Know?
1. Orchids can tolerate temperatures as low as 50 degrees Fahrenheit (10 degrees Celsius), but prolonged exposure to temperatures below 60 degrees Fahrenheit (15 degrees Celsius) can impact their health and hinder their growth.
2. Some orchid species, such as the Lady Slipper orchid (Paphiopedilum), have adapted to extreme cold temperatures and can survive even in regions where winter temperatures drop below freezing.
3. Orchids are capable of surviving in high-altitude areas with low temperatures, such as parts of the Himalayas. The Himalayan blue poppy orchid (Meconopsis) is a stunning example that can tolerate cold temperatures and bloom at altitudes above 10,000 feet (3,000 meters).
4. Cold-tolerant orchids often have a waxy coating on their leaves that helps protect them from freezing temperatures. This coating acts as insulation, preventing excessive moisture loss and reducing the risk of damage caused by cold weather.
5. The type of potting medium used for orchids can also contribute to their cold tolerance. Organic materials like sphagnum moss and bark retain heat more effectively than inorganic materials like rocks or gravel, creating a more stable environment for the roots and assisting the orchids in enduring colder conditions.
Symptoms Of Cold Damage On Orchids
Orchids, known for their delicate beauty, are vulnerable to cold damage when exposed to low temperatures. This type of damage is characterized by the whitening of foliage and stems, which later turns to brown as the tissue dies. It is important to note that different species of orchids may exhibit varying degrees of cold damage symptoms.
In addition to discoloration, cold damage can also weaken orchids’ resistance to bacterial infections. Softening of the edges or oozing of brown fluid on the affected areas are clear indications of a bacterial infection. If not treated promptly, the infection can spread further and worsen the damage to the orchid.
The Risk Of Bacterial Infection In Cold-Damaged Orchids
Bacterial rot is a significant concern when cold-damaged orchids are involved. Once the tissue is affected by the cold, bacteria can easily invade the weakened areas, leading to further deterioration. It is crucial to promptly identify signs of bacterial infection, including softening edges and oozing brown fluid, to prevent the infection from spreading.
To effectively address bacterial infection in cold-damaged orchids, cupric hydroxide and mancozeb can be used. These chemicals should be applied cautiously, either as a slurry with a brush or as a spray if the damage is extensive. To ensure personal safety, it is important to avoid inhaling the dust and always wear a mask when applying the chemicals.
- Signs of bacterial infection: softening edges, oozing brown fluid
- Use cupric hydroxide and mancozeb for treatment
- Apply chemicals as a slurry or spray
- Wear a mask to avoid inhaling dust during application
Solutions For Dealing With Cold-Damaged Orchids
One possible solution for mitigating the damage caused by cold temperatures is to remove the affected leaves or stems. By doing so, you eliminate the compromised tissue and lessen the risk of further infection or deterioration.
For treating bacterial infections in cold-damaged orchids, cupric hydroxide and mancozeb are recommended. These chemicals can be applied to the affected areas, but it is important to note that they should not be used on dendrobiums or bromeliads.
In cases where large collections have extensive damage, it is advisable to spray them with a solution of one tablespoon per gallon of cupric hydroxide and mancozeb. However, it is essential to be cautious and follow the recommended dosage to avoid any negative effects on the orchids’ health.
- Remove affected leaves or stems
- Use cupric hydroxide and mancozeb for bacterial infections
- Avoid using on dendrobiums or bromeliads
- For extensive damage, spray with one tablespoon per gallon of solution
Understanding The Varied Cold Tolerance Of Different Orchid Species
Orchids come from various habitats, and their response to external conditions, including cold temperatures, can vary significantly. Some orchid species display a high tolerance for cold temperatures, while others are more sensitive and require warmer environments.
For example, Phalaenopsis orchids are the most tender and are strongly induced to bloom with temperatures in the mid-50s (12-13C). However, they are happiest when kept above 60F (15C) and can tolerate a few exposures to temperatures below 60F.
Vandas, on the other hand, are the next most sensitive orchids. They are stimulated to bloom with sharp drops in temperature into the 50s at night, but it is recommended to keep them above 50 degrees to ensure their well-being.
Oncidiums, particularly those of the “mule ear” type and thin-leaved Oncidinae, can tolerate temperatures into the 40s. Breeders have enhanced their cold tolerance by crossing them with Miltoniopsis and Odontoglossum species.
Cattleyas, a popular orchid genus, demonstrate the ability to tolerate cool temperatures down to the upper 40s. However, extra caution is necessary when temperatures drop to the 30s.
Certain orchid genera from high-altitude regions, such as deciduous Calanthe and Cymbidium species and hybrids, require colder temperatures to stimulate their best bloom. Hybrid cymbidiums, classified as “warm growing,” flower best when chilled repeatedly into the low 30s.
Bullet points summarizing the key information:
- Phalaenopsis orchids: sensitive with strong bloom induction around mid-50s (12-13C), happiest above 60F (15C), can tolerate occasional exposure to temperatures below 60F
- Vandas: stimulated to bloom with sharp temperature drops to the 50s at night, recommended to keep above 50 degrees
- Oncidiums: tolerant of temperatures into the 40s, enhanced cold tolerance by crossing with Miltoniopsis and Odontoglossum species
- Cattleyas: can tolerate cool temperatures down to the upper 40s, caution needed when temperatures drop to the 30s
- Certain orchid genera like deciduous Calanthe and Cymbidium species and hybrids: require colder temperatures for best bloom stimulation, hybrid cymbidiums thrive when chilled into the low 30s.
Note: The above information provides an overview of how different orchid species respond to cold temperatures.
Nutritional Requirements For Orchids In Cold Temperatures
In cold temperatures, it is important to adjust the nutritional requirements of orchids to support their tolerance and overall health. Excess nitrogen should be avoided, as it can lead to weaker growth and increased susceptibility to diseases.
To compensate for the cold conditions, increasing the dosage and frequency of magnesium and potassium application is crucial. These nutrients play important roles in orchid health and are particularly vital in colder weather. By providing ample magnesium and potassium, you ensure that your orchids have the necessary nutrients to withstand the cold temperatures and maintain their vitality.
Understanding how cold orchids can tolerate is essential for successful cultivation and preservation of these exquisite plants. It is important to recognize the symptoms of cold damage, the risk of bacterial infection, and the appropriate solutions to maintain the health of cold-damaged orchids. Moreover, being aware of the diverse cold tolerance among different orchid species and adjusting their nutritional requirements accordingly contributes to their overall resilience in colder temperatures. With these insights, orchid enthusiasts can confidently care for their beloved plants and enjoy their beauty year-round.
Check this out:
Frequently Asked Questions
What happens if orchid gets too cold?
When orchids are exposed to cold temperatures, it can lead to detrimental consequences. As the cold persists, the foliage and stems of the orchid will start to exhibit a whitening effect, indicating the initial stages of damage. Over time, the affected tissue will gradually transform into a brown color, indicating the death of the affected parts of the plant. This cold damage poses a serious threat to the overall health and vitality of the orchid, hampering its ability to thrive and potentially leading to its demise. It is crucial to protect orchids from extreme cold to ensure their longevity and well-being.
What temperature is safe for orchids?
To ensure the well-being of orchids, it is recommended to maintain a temperature range between 65°F and 75°F. Throughout the day, the temperature should be kept at a comfortable 75°F or higher, while during the night, it is advisable not to let the temperature drop below 65°F. While it may be challenging to achieve higher temperatures during the winter, it is important to make efforts to prevent blooming orchids from being exposed to significantly colder temperatures.
What temperature do orchids freeze?
Orchids freeze at temperatures below 30° F/0° C. While most orchids can tolerate temperatures as low as 50° – 60° F/ 10°-15° C, freezing occurs when water on the leaves freezes, usually when temperatures plummet below the freezing point. Cold damage is a concern for orchids in such extreme temperatures.
Can orchids survive winter inside?
Yes, orchids can generally survive winter inside as long as the temperature conditions are met. With a minimum night temperature of 60°F and a maximum day temperature of 85°F, they can thrive in a house that maintains around 65°F during winter. The provided temperature range aligns well with the conditions most households provide, reaching about 75°F in summer. Therefore, as long as these temperature requirements are met, your indoor orchids should be able to endure the winter season without any issues.