How to Grow Elephant Garlic: Tips for Healthy Bulbs

How to Grow Elephant Garlic?

To grow elephant garlic, start by planting the cloves in well-prepared, weed-free soil, 10-15cm deep and spaced 20-30cm apart.

It is important to choose a spot with moist but well-drained soil and full sun exposure.

Elephant garlic benefits from extra protection, so it should be grown in a sheltered spot away from winds.

Mulching with straw is recommended for autumn planting.

Water the garlic regularly and keep the soil weed-free.

Remove the flower stalks, or scapes, which are edible.

Harvest the garlic when the foliage turns yellow or brown, gently lifting the bulbs with a spade and brushing off the soil.

Cure the bulbs in a cool, dark place with good air circulation for three to eight weeks.

Finally, store the bulbs in a cool spot and regularly check for signs of rotting.

Key Points:

  • Plant cloves of elephant garlic deep in weed-free soil, spaced apart
  • Choose a spot with moist, well-drained soil and full sun exposure
  • Grow in a sheltered area away from winds for protection
  • Mulching with straw is recommended for autumn planting
  • Water regularly and keep the soil weed-free
  • Remove flower stalks and harvest when foliage is yellow or brown


Did You Know?

1. Elephant garlic is not actually a true garlic, but a type of leek. Despite its name, it belongs to the Allium family, just like regular garlic, onions, and shallots.

2. Unlike other garlic varieties, elephant garlic produces large, mild-flavored bulbs that resemble giant cloves. Its taste is often described as a combination of garlic and onion, making it a versatile ingredient in many culinary dishes.

3. Elephant garlic is native to Central Asia, particularly in regions of Kazakhstan and Tajikistan. It was later introduced to Europe and North America, where it gained popularity for its size and unique flavor.

4. Contrary to its name, growing elephant garlic doesn’t require an actual elephant-sized area. It can be cultivated in small home gardens or even in containers since it doesn’t take up as much space as regular garlic.

5. Elephant garlic plants produce tall, flower stalks called scapes in the spring. These scapes are not only visually appealing but can also be harvested and enjoyed as a delicious addition to various recipes, including stir-fries and pesto.

Planting Elephant Garlic: Depth And Spacing

Elephant garlic, a member of the Allium family, is a flavorful and versatile vegetable that is relatively easy to grow. When planting elephant garlic, it is crucial to consider the depth and spacing. The cloves should be planted in well-prepared, weed-free soil, around 10-15cm deep and spaced 20-30cm apart.

The planting process begins by selecting large, healthy cloves from the bulb. These individual cloves will develop into a large bulb as they grow. It is essential to ensure that the pointed end of the cloves is facing upwards when planting. By doing so, the roots will emerge from the flat base of the cloves.

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Before planting, make sure the soil is nutrient-rich and well-drained. This can be achieved by incorporating compost or organic matter into the soil. Additionally, it is recommended to plant elephant garlic in a moist but well-drained area of your garden that receives full sun exposure. This will give the plants the energy they need to thrive.

Growing Conditions And Protection For Elephant Garlic

Creating the ideal growing conditions for elephant garlic is essential to ensure healthy bulb development. While elephant garlic is a hardy plant that can tolerate a wide range of growing conditions, there are a few key factors to consider.

Moist but well-drained soil is vital for elephant garlic. It is important to avoid planting in waterlogged areas as excessive moisture can cause the bulbs to rot. Elephant garlic prefers a loose, organically rich soil with a neutral pH. To improve soil structure and drainage, adding compost or organic matter before planting is highly recommended.

Furthermore, elephant garlic benefits from extra protection and should be grown in a sheltered spot away from winds. Strong winds can damage the plants and impede their growth. By providing a sheltered environment, you can help ensure healthy and vigorous growth.

Another crucial aspect of growing elephant garlic is weed control. Weeds compete with the plants for space, nutrients, and water, which can have a negative impact on their growth. Regular weeding is necessary to keep the area surrounding the plants weed-free. Mulching with straw is particularly beneficial when planting in autumn, as it helps to suppress weed growth and retain moisture in the soil.

Harvesting Elephant Garlic: Signs And Techniques

Knowing when to harvest elephant garlic is essential to ensure optimal flavor and storage life. Elephant garlic is ready to harvest when the foliage turns yellow or brown. This indicates that the bulbs have reached maturity and are ready for harvesting.

To harvest elephant garlic, gently lift the bulbs using a spade or fork. Take care not to damage the bulbs during the extraction process. Once the bulbs are lifted, brush off any excess soil, but do not wash them at this stage. Washing can remove the protective layer that helps them store longer.

It is important to note that flower stalks, or scapes, should be removed. These stalks can be cooked and eaten, providing a delightful addition to various dishes. However, removing the scapes allows the plant to redirect its energy towards bulking up the bulb.

Storage And Curing Of Elephant Garlic Bulbs

After harvesting, proper storage and curing of elephant garlic bulbs are crucial to ensure their quality and prolong their shelf life. Curing is the process of drying the bulbs in a cool, dark place with good air circulation.

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To begin the curing process, move the harvested bulbs to a suitable location. This area should be cool, with a temperature between 45-55 degrees Fahrenheit. It should also have good air circulation to prevent the bulbs from rotting or developing mold.

During the curing process, it’s important to allow the bulbs to dry naturally. This can take anywhere from three to eight weeks. It is recommended to hang the garlic bulbs in a well-ventilated area or place them on a mesh rack to encourage airflow.

After the curing period, the remaining roots and most of the flower stalks can be removed. However, it’s essential to leave the outer layer of skin intact, as this protects the bulb during storage. At this stage, the bulbs can be stored in a cool, dark spot with a temperature ranging from 45-55 degrees Fahrenheit and humidity levels kept below 50 percent.

Pest And Disease Management For Elephant Garlic

Elephant garlic, a hardy plant, can still face common pests and diseases. Two notable concerns are slugs and white rot.

Slugs can be detrimental, particularly in damp seasons, as they consume leaves and stems of young plants. To handle slug infestations, consider implementing measures such as copper tape or slug traps as physical barriers. Additionally, attracting slug predators like frogs and birds can aid in natural population control.

White rot, a fungal disease, flourishes in moist growing conditions and affects the bulbs, rendering them useless. Prevent white rot by avoiding excessive watering and ensuring proper soil drainage. Employ crop rotation techniques and refrain from planting garlic in the same area successively to minimize the risk of the disease.

The onion fly is another pest to be cautious of. Its larvae burrow into the bulbs, causing damage and compromising garlic quality. Prevent onion fly infestations by utilizing physical barriers like netting or row covers to shield the plants. Regularly inspect the plants for signs of damage and promptly remove affected bulbs to manage the population.

To summarize, here are some key points to remember:

  • Slugs can be deterred by employing physical barriers or attracting slug predators.
  • Prevent white rot by avoiding overwatering and practicing proper soil drainage.
  • Combat onion flies by using physical barriers and promptly removing damaged bulbs.

Care And Maintenance: Watering, Fertilizing, And Weed Control

Proper care and maintenance are essential for the successful growth of elephant garlic. Regular watering is necessary while the plants are actively growing. The soil should remain lightly moist but not saturated. It is recommended to water in the mornings, allowing the foliage to dry before nighttime. This helps prevent fungal diseases and ensures the plants receive adequate hydration.

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Fertilizing elephant garlic can be achieved by incorporating compost or organic matter into the soil during planting. Additionally, applying an organic fertilizer, such as compost tea or seaweed extract, can provide the necessary nutrients to support healthy growth.

Weed control is another important aspect of care and maintenance. Weeds compete with elephant garlic for essential resources, limiting their growth potential. Regular weeding is necessary to keep the area surrounding the plants weed-free. Mulching with straw can also help suppress weed growth and retain moisture in the soil.

By following these care and maintenance practices, elephant garlic can thrive, producing healthy, flavorful bulbs that are a delight to harvest and enjoy.

Frequently Asked Questions

Where does elephant garlic grow best?

Elephant garlic thrives best in regions with full sun exposure and abundant moisture. This plant flourishes when planted during September-October and can be harvested the following June. It can be a delightful addition to any garden, with its stunning flower spikes reaching up to 1.5 m tall.

How many cloves of garlic is an elephant clove?

An elephant clove of garlic typically consists of six to seven cloves, unlike conventional garlic heads which can contain up to 20 cloves. The cloves of elephant garlic also exhibit a distinct yellowish hue, setting them apart from regular garlic varieties.

What is the difference between elephant garlic and regular garlic?

While both elephant garlic and regular garlic belong to the Allium family, they differ in several aspects. One notable distinction is their size, with elephant garlic being significantly larger than regular garlic. The bulbs of elephant garlic can grow up to the size of a small onion, and each bulb typically contains 6-8 cloves. Moreover, elephant garlic cloves have a milder flavor compared to traditional garlic, making them more suitable for those who prefer a subtler taste. This versatility allows elephant garlic to be utilized as a substitute in various culinary dishes, while it can also be enjoyed raw if desired.

How profitable is elephant garlic?

Elephant garlic can be a profitable crop due to its high selling price of $15 per pound. To calculate the potential profit, let’s consider an example where a farmer aims to earn $40,000 from garlic sales. With a selling price of $15 per pound, the farmer would need to produce approximately 2,700 pounds of garlic to achieve their goal. However, it is important to note that the profitability of elephant garlic can also be influenced by factors such as production costs and market demand.

References: 1, 2, 3, 4

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