How to Propagate Mums: A StepbyStep Guide
How to Propagate Mums?
To propagate mums, there are three main methods: division, seeds, and cuttings.
Division should be done every three to four years in the spring by cutting the root ball into sections.
Mum seeds can be planted indoors before the last frost or directly in a well-prepared bed in the spring, but note that the resulting flowers may not be the same as the parent plant.
Cuttings can be taken in the spring or summer by cutting a 2 to 3 inch section of new growth and placing it in peat moss or perlite until it roots.
To encourage lateral growth, pinch off the top growth of the cuttings.
Mums can be grown as potted plants or perennials in the garden, providing seasonal blooming in early spring or late fall.
Key Points:
- There are three main methods to propagate mums:
- Division, seeds, and cuttings.
- Division should be done every three to four years in the spring by cutting the root ball into sections.
- Mum seeds can be planted indoors before the last frost or directly in a well-prepared bed in the spring.
- Cuttings can be taken in the spring or summer by cutting a 2 to 3 inch section of new growth and placing it in peat moss or perlite until it roots.
- Pinching off the top growth of the cuttings encourages lateral growth.
- Mums can be grown as potted plants or perennials in the garden, providing seasonal blooming in early spring or late fall.
Did You Know?
1. Mums, also known as chrysanthemums, were first cultivated in China over 2,500 years ago and were highly esteemed for their medicinal properties.
2. The name “chrysanthemum” is derived from the Greek words “chrysos” meaning gold, and “anthemon” meaning flower, referring to the flower’s original yellow color.
3. In Japan, the chrysanthemum is considered the national flower and is a symbol of the Emperor and the Imperial Family. It is so highly regarded that a special order called “The Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum” is bestowed by the Japanese government to those who have made significant contributions to society.
4. Chrysanthemums were brought to Europe in the 17th century, and their popularity soared during the Victorian era. Victorians had a special fascination with the chrysanthemum’s motif, and it became a symbol of passion, friendship, and love.
5. Chrysanthemums come in a wide range of colors, sizes, and shapes, with petals ranging from daisy-like to pom-poms and even spider-like. Some unusual varieties can have petals that are spoon-shaped, quilled, or twisted, adding to their unique beauty.
Propagation Methods
Chrysanthemums, also known as mums, are beautiful and vibrant flowers that can easily be propagated through three main methods: division, seeds, or cuttings. Each method comes with its own set of advantages and considerations, allowing you to choose the approach that suits your preferences and circumstances best.
Division
One of the most common and effective ways to propagate mums is through division. This method involves splitting the root ball of an established mum plant into multiple sections, each of which can be planted to create a new chrysanthemum.
By dividing mums every three to four years in the spring, you can not only ensure their continued health and vigor but also enhance their overall form and flowering capabilities.
Division Process
To successfully divide mums, follow these steps:
- Carefully dig up the entire plant, ensuring to remove as much of the root system as possible.
- Use a sharp and clean gardening knife to divide the root ball into three to five sections.
- Each section should have a healthy amount of roots and a portion of the crown. Remove any dead or damaged parts during the division process.
After dividing, it is essential to plant each section immediately. Here’s what you need to do:
- Prepare the new planting hole by loosening the soil and incorporating some organic matter.
- Plant the divided sections at the same depth as the original plant, making sure the crown is just above the soil surface.
- Water thoroughly to ensure proper hydration, and provide adequate sunlight for healthy growth.
Remember, proper care and attention during the division and planting process will greatly increase the chances of success for your new mums.
- Dig up the entire plant, removing as much root system as possible
- Divide the root ball into three to five sections
- Each section should have healthy roots and part of the crown
- Plant each section immediately
- Loosen soil and incorporate organic matter in the new planting hole
- Plant at the same depth, with the crown just above the soil surface
- Water thoroughly and provide adequate sunlight for growth.
Seeds
An alternative method for propagating mums is by planting seeds. While this approach enables you to enjoy beautiful blooms in the first year, it’s important to note that the resulting flowers may not be true to the characteristics of the parent plant. Nonetheless, starting mums from seeds allows for exploration and discovery, and can yield unique varieties.
Starting Seeds
To start mum seeds, there are two options available: indoor cultivation or direct sowing in the ground.
For indoor cultivation, it is advised to begin approximately six to eight weeks before the last frost date in your area. Here are the steps to follow:
- Fill seed trays or small pots with a well-draining starting mix.
- Sow the seeds on the surface of the mix.
- Lightly cover the seeds with a thin layer of soil or vermiculite.
- Keep the seeds consistently moist.
If you prefer direct sowing in the garden, follow these steps after the last frost:
- Ensure the soil is well-prepared and free from weeds.
- Scatter the seeds on the soil surface.
- Gently press them down.
- Water gently until the soil is evenly damp.
- Continue to keep the area moist as the seeds germinate and grow.
Summary:
- Indoor cultivation: Start 6-8 weeks before the last frost, fill seed trays with starting mix, sow seeds on the surface, cover lightly, keep moist.
- Direct sowing: Ensure weed-free soil, scatter seeds on surface, press gently, water gently, keep moist.
Cuttings
The final propagation method for mums involves taking cuttings from existing plants. This method allows for quick-blooming plants, as the new cuttings can produce flowers sooner than other propagation methods. Mums can be propagated from cuttings in spring or summer when the plants are actively growing.
To take cuttings, select a 2 to 3-inch section of new growth from the mother plant. Remove any flowers or buds, as they may divert energy from the rooting process. Dip the cut end of the cutting in rooting hormone to enhance the chances of successful rooting. Plant the cutting in a rooting medium such as peat moss or perlite, ensuring it is kept moist but not soggy. Within a couple of weeks, the cuttings should develop a robust root system.
To encourage lateral growth and a bushier plant, pinch off the top growth of the cuttings when they reach a height of approximately 4 to 6 inches. This practice will redirect the plant’s energy towards lateral shoots, resulting in a fuller and more attractive mum.
In conclusion, chrysanthemum propagation offers a range of methods, from dividing the plants to starting them from seeds or cuttings. Each approach offers its own unique benefits, allowing gardeners to explore their preferences and experiment with different propagating techniques.
- By taking cuttings from existing plants, mums can quickly bloom.
- Select a 2 to 3-inch section of new growth and remove any flowers or buds when taking cuttings.
- Dip the cut end of the cutting in rooting hormone and plant it in a rooting medium.
- To encourage lateral growth and a bushier plant, pinch off the top growth of the cuttings when they reach 4 to 6 inches in height.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do you start mums?
To start mums, it is widely recommended to begin the process indoors prior to the end of frost season. Firstly, acquire small germination pots and fill them with sterile seed starting mix. Ensure the mix is level and lightly moistened with water. For easier sowing, gently pinch a few mum seeds between your thumb and forefinger.
How long does it take for mum cuttings to root?
Mum cuttings typically take around 4 to 5 weeks to root. To encourage root growth, it’s recommended to dip the bottom of the cuttings in a rooting hormone before placing them in a rooting medium of coarse sand or perlite. Ensuring that the rooting medium remains moist throughout the rooting process is crucial for successful root development.
How long does it take to grow mums from cuttings?
With proper care and attention, chrysanthemum cuttings have the potential to develop roots within a relatively short span of 3 to 4 weeks. Once the roots reach a length of 1 to 1 1/2 inches, the cuttings can be safely detached and transplanted into small pots or directly into the garden, depending on your preference. To stimulate branching and promote a fuller growth, it is advised to remove the top 1/2 inch of the young plant. By following these steps, you can nurture and witness the growth of beautiful mums in an efficient manner.
What are the different methods for propagating mums?
There are several methods for propagating mums, also known as chrysanthemums. One common method is by taking stem cuttings. This involves using a clean, sharp pair of shears to cut a 4-6 inch section of a healthy, non-flowering mum stem. The lower leaves are removed, and the cutting is then planted in a well-draining potting medium. It should be kept moist and placed in a warm, bright area until roots develop.
Another method is through division. Mature mums can be dug up and carefully separated into individual plants during the early spring or fall. Each division should have several shoots and a section of the root system. These new plants are then replanted in a prepared bed or container, ensuring they receive proper care and watering to establish themselves. Propagating mums through stem cuttings and division are two effective ways to expand your mum garden or share plants with others.