What Temperatures Can Geraniums Tolerate: A Hardiness Guide?

What Temperatures Can Geraniums Tolerate?

Geraniums, or Pelargoniums, can tolerate a wide range of temperatures.

They are primarily known for their heat tolerance and can withstand high temperatures, as long as they have access to adequate water.

Geraniums thrive in temperatures between 60°F (15°C) and 75°F (24°C).

They can also tolerate temperatures as low as 40°F (4°C), making them suitable for growing in cooler climates.

However, geraniums are not frost-tolerant, and temperatures below freezing can cause damage or even kill the plants.

Therefore, it is important to protect geraniums from frost by bringing them indoors or covering them during cold winter nights.

Key Points:

  • Geraniums can tolerate a wide range of temperatures.
  • They can withstand high temperatures as long as they have access to adequate water.
  • The ideal temperature range for geraniums is between 60°F (15°C) and 75°F (24°C).
  • Geraniums can tolerate temperatures as low as 40°F (4°C).
  • However, they are not frost-tolerant and temperatures below freezing can cause damage or even kill the plants.
  • It is important to protect geraniums from frost by bringing them indoors or covering them during cold winter nights.

Did You Know?

1. Geraniums can tolerate temperatures as low as 35°F (1.7°C) without being damaged. However, they thrive best in temperatures between 60°F-75°F (15°C-24°C).

2. Contrary to popular belief, some geranium species can actually withstand brief periods of frost. If the temperature drops below freezing, covering the geraniums with a cloth or plastic sheet can help protect them.

3. Geraniums are native to temperate regions, mainly South Africa and parts of Europe. They’ve adapted well to various climates and can grow in both tropical and sub-tropical regions.

4. Depending on the species, some geraniums are more cold-hardy than others. A few winter-hardy types, such as the Geranium macrorrhizum, are known to withstand extremely low temperatures, surviving even in USDA hardiness zones 3-8.

5. Interestingly, geraniums have a unique mechanism called “crassulacean acid metabolism” (CAM), which is typically associated with desert plants. This mechanism allows geraniums to close their stomata during the day to minimize water loss and open them at night to take in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. This adaptation helps them cope with extreme temperature fluctuations and arid conditions.

Introduction: The Popularity Of Geraniums For Summer Displays

Pelargoniums, commonly known as geraniums, are vibrant and cheerful summer-flowering plants that are highly favored for their ability to add a burst of color to hanging baskets, pots, and garden beds. One of the key reasons for their popularity is their impressive tolerance to both drought and heat, making them ideal for warm and sunny climates. Their blooming season lasts from June through the fall frost, providing continuous beauty to gardens and outdoor spaces.

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Geraniums encompass a wide variety of cultivars, each with their own unique characteristics and growth habits. These plants bring a sense of joy and vitality to any landscape with their radiant flowers and lush foliage. However, it is essential for gardeners to understand the optimum temperature range that geraniums thrive in, as this can greatly impact their overall health and performance.

The Distinction: True Geraniums Vs. Pelargoniums

Although commonly referred to as geraniums, it’s important to note that true geraniums, belonging to the Genus Geranium, are cold-hardy perennials. Pelargoniums, on the other hand, are the plants we commonly call “geraniums” today. The confusion around their classification stems from the fact that European traders mistakenly grouped pelargoniums together with true geraniums when they were introduced to Europe by Dutch traders from South Africa in the 18th century.

Upon further investigation, scientists noted significant differences between the two plant groups, such as variations in petal shape, the number of stamens, and other key characteristics. As a result, pelargoniums were reclassified under the genus Pelargonium. Despite this distinction, the name geranium has continued to be associated with these colorful summer plants.

Historical Background: The Introduction Of Geraniums To Europe

The history of geraniums can be traced back to the 18th century when Dutch traders initially brought them from South Africa to Europe. It was during this time that these vibrant plants captivated the hearts of European gardeners with their stunning blooms and striking foliage. Originally mistaken for true geraniums, pelargoniums found their place among Europe’s horticultural treasures.

Since their introduction, geraniums have undergone extensive cultivation and hybridization, resulting in the development of a vast range of cultivars. These cultivars come in various colors, sizes, and growth habits, each offering unique qualities that have contributed to geraniums becoming one of the most adored summer plants in Europe and beyond.

  • Geraniums were brought from South Africa to Europe by Dutch traders in the 18th century.
  • Pelargoniums were initially mistaken for true geraniums.
  • Geraniums have been extensively cultivated and hybridized.
  • Cultivars of geraniums come in various colors, sizes, and growth habits.
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Aesthetic Variety: The Range Of Colors And Markings In Geraniums

Perhaps one of the most captivating aspects of geraniums is their incredible variety of floral colors. From vibrant reds and oranges to delicate pinks and pure whites, these plants offer a kaleidoscope of hues that can transform any garden or outdoor space into a visual delight. Furthermore, some geranium cultivars feature beautiful bronze or purple markings on their foliage, adding to their overall allure.

In addition to their diverse colors, geraniums also exhibit a remarkable range of petal shapes, from the classic five-petal structure to ruffled and double-flowered varieties. This aesthetic variety allows gardeners to create visually striking displays, whether they choose to focus on a single color or create a vibrant mix of hues.

Types Of Geraniums: Trailing, Scented, And Upright Varieties

Geraniums offer a wide array of choices beyond their vibrant colors. Different types of geraniums have unique growth habits and characteristics, making them suitable for various gardening preferences and styles. This diverse range includes trailing geraniums, which gracefully cascade over hanging baskets and containers, adding a touch of elegance to any display.

On the other hand, scented geraniums delight the senses with their aromatic leaves, releasing delightful fragrances when gently rubbed. These varieties offer the added benefit of repelling certain pests with their natural scents, making them a popular choice for natural pest control in the garden.

Upright pelargoniums, with their bushy habit and abundant blooms, are excellent for creating striking bedding displays. These plants are known for their sturdy stems and ability to withstand adverse weather conditions, making them perfect for gardeners looking to create a lasting impact.

In terms of temperature tolerance, geraniums are generally considered to be frost-sensitive and thrive in temperate climates. The ideal temperature range for geraniums is typically between 65°F and 75°F (18°C – 24°C), with nighttime temperatures above freezing. However, some cultivars have been bred to be more cold-resistant and can withstand temperatures as low as 40°F (4°C).

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Understanding the temperature preferences of geraniums is crucial for their successful growth and longevity. By planting geraniums in the appropriate climate and providing them with proper care, gardeners can enjoy the beauty and charm of these summer flowers throughout the growing season.


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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the coldest temp for geraniums?

Geraniums thrive in moderate temperatures, but their tolerance to cold weather is limited. When temperatures dip below 12°C, the growth of robust geraniums diminishes substantially. However, if the thermometer falls even further to below five degrees, the geraniums cease all growth completely. In fact, frost poses a serious threat to these plants, as it can prove fatal, as highlighted by the knowledgeable experts at Pelargonium for Europe (PfE).

Can geraniums survive 25 degrees?

Geraniums, being tender plants, are not able to withstand temperatures below freezing for an extended period. If temperatures drop to 25 degrees Fahrenheit, this will likely be fatal for geraniums as their cells will freeze and cause irreparable damage. It is important to provide proper protection or bring geraniums indoors when temperatures dip below freezing to ensure their survival.

What is the best climate for geraniums?

The best climate for geraniums is one that maintains a consistent temperature range of 60 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit, specifically with night temperatures between 60 to 65 degrees F and daytime temperatures between 70 to 75 degrees F. These conditions provide an optimal environment for geraniums to thrive and ensure their fast growth through the “Fast Cropping” technique. Lowering the temperature below 60 degrees F may hinder their growth, emphasizing the importance of maintaining the ideal climate for geranium cultivation.

Do geraniums like hot sun?

Geraniums thrive in hot sun and are considered heat-tolerant plants, making them a great choice for those seeking a sun-loving beauty. With their rich, green foliage and vibrant clusters of blooms, geraniums add a touch of elegance to any space. They can be easily transitioned from indoor to outdoor environments when the temperatures rise and the risk of frost diminishes, making them versatile and ideal for those looking for a plant that can adapt to different conditions.

References: 1, 2, 3, 4

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